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Solving the Out-gassing "Fog" Problem
In recent weeks there has been considerable discussion about out-gassing "fog" appearing on the backside of the glass in framed Epson Premium Luster prints, printed with the new Epson UltraChrome inks. It has been suggested by some that this situation could equal Epson's problems in the summer of 2000 that were experienced with the dreaded "orange shift" fading with the Epson 1270 inks on the Epson Premium Glossy Photo Paper -- where Epson initiated a printer and media buy-back program to save face (before reformulating the paper that fall with anti-oxidants to slow down ozone oxidation of the cyan dye).
Before I go any further, let me assure everyone that the "out-gassing fog" coming from Epson's Premium Luster and UltraChrome ink is NOT an Epson-specific problem, nor is it an Epson UltraChrome ink problem. It is a PAPER-SPECIFIC PROBLEM. This is a problem that is specific to a type of paper, mainly "RC" or barrier type photo inkjet papers. The problem is not specific to Epson brand "RC" papers --there are many other brands that share these specifications. The problem is not even limited to our industry.
The out-gassing fog comes from the glycol, a wetting agent that is used in all inkjet inks. "RC" photo inkjet papers have a barrier layer (usually polyethylene) between the inkjet receptive coating and the paper base. This barrier prevents heavy ink loads from wicking into the paper (lowering image resolution, contrast and color saturation) and from moisture that causes paper "cockling" (deforming wrinkles). However, this same barrier can prevent the ink from drying quickly. Although the paper may appear to be dry (and is dry to the touch, especially "fast-drying" micro-porous papers like Epson's "Premium" line), there is still plenty of water and glycol under that super-absorbent coating, lying against the barrier layer.
It is this water and glycol, trapped against the barrier layer, that may eventually out-gas (evaporate) and condensate (fog) on the inside of the glass, if a print is framed before it has had a chance to sufficiently dry. Some have noticed that the fog on the glass is "oily" to the touch. This is from the glycol.
People in the inkjet signage industry have long ago noticed that they must let their RC type photo papers dry for several days before they can thermal laminate these papers -- otherwise the trapped water and glycol will immediately turn to steam and create bubbles between the laminate and the paper. Some RC papers never dry quick enough (who can wait two weeks?) to laminate.
A spokesman from a third-party inkjet ink company recently told me that it was once necessary for them to change their glycol ratio in the inks used in HP printers, otherwise their inks never did seem to dry a host of media types.
Epson's new pigmented UltraChrome inks (and any of their other inksets) have no glycol drying issues on matte and fine art papers. There are also no drying problems (that we know of) with their cast coated glossy photo papers, i.e. the Epson Photo Paper (now called "Glossy Photo Paper") and their Glossy Paper Photo Weight (also called "Professional Glossy Paper" in the sheet size).
Accelerated drying procedures may be needed when framing Epson "Premium" papers (and all other RC type papers) behind glass to avoid out-gassing fog on the glass. Epson and other companies suggest waiting at least two weeks before framing barrier type photo inkjet papers behind glass. Epson's Greg McCoy has another suggestion for those needing a quicker solution:
"The process needs to be accelerated, and by 'curing' the print with
a plain piece of paper in contact with the print for 24 hours.
"After 24 hrs, you will notice the plain sheet of paper is wavy.
"On a print with heavy ink duty, I recommend changing the paper after 24 hrs and a new sheet and let it sit another 24 hrs.
"This is necessary for any print on a barrier paper that will be framed under glass or placed in a plastic sleeve."
I hope Greg's suggestions will help. Although this procedure is somewhat of a production 'pain', it does offer a solution to those who can't wait a couple of weeks to frame their prints. Undoubtedly, some industrious person will invent a heater/dryer unit for the inkjet industry similar to what they've done in the litho printing industry to solve their out-gassing problem on prints that have to be quickly framed for the art shows.
I want to thank Todd Powell of Frisco, Colorado, who first brought this latest out-gassing problem to my attention and who initiated all the Internet discussions with this letter:
"I have been using the new Epson 7600 print with Ultrachrome (archival) inks since receiving the unit in July.
"I have been producing prints and selling decor & fine art prints of my work to consumers via galleries, shops and a number of regional art fairs over the summer.
"The prints have been either framed or packaged (matted and placed in clear plastic bags).
"In the last couple of months, I have started to notice that a clear fine sheen (fog) is appearing on the inside of the glass of the framed pieces corresponding to the image area as well as on the inside of the clear plastic bags for the printed pieces.
"By disassembling the framed pieces-I found that the sheen is an oily substance. It can be cleaned off with glass cleaner-but the bigger issue is that I have sold over 1,000 prints since this summer and the liability that even a percentage of my customers would experience this problem and return the work.
"I seems to me that this is a problem of out-gassing.
"At first, I believed the problem to stem from prints that received direct sunlight . I noticed this first being outdoors at art shows in the summer as the sun would inevitably work it's way around to some of my prints and matted prints in clear bags would start to build up the sheen quite quickly. But just this week one of the galleries that sells my prints called and told me that they are noticing this in some of the prints they have-their display of my work receives no sunlight in any way-only normal gallery lighting.
"So far, I have been printing only on the premium luster paper. We have always been letting the prints air dry for at least 24 hours (as recommended by epson) and since noticing this problem as long as possible usually 3--4 days.
"Has anyone else noticed this issue yet? I encourage you to check any framed prints you may have on hand closely.
"I took a sample print in a frame which exhibited the problem to the epson dealer yesterday who sold me the printer. ðHe said it sure looked like an out-gassing issue. He said he would forward the print to his epson contact and get back to me. He said he had not heard of this problem before.
"He suggested that I spray each print with a special liquid laminate designed for inkjet prints designed for the outdoor signage industry. He thinks this would "solve the problem". Quite frankly, I don't have the space to set up a spray booth and another set of drying racks to accommodate this in my workflow for print production.
"My feeling is that Epson stated that this printer with these inks and these papers produced archival prints. Nothing was ever mentioned about a need to have to laminate or seal the prints.
Has anyone else experienced this issue yet?" --Todd Powell
Royce Bair
Inkjetart.com
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